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Archival description
Lithuanian and Surrounding Towns Collection
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Moletai Lithuania, "Tarbut school students"

Photograph of Tarbut school students. Tarbut schools were secular Zionist educational institutions that taught in Hebrew as the language of instruction. Subjects taught in the classroom ranged from humanities to sciences, and particularly focused on familiarizin students with historical Hebrew literature, all with a Zionist orientation. Physical training was included, where students were prepared for the physical labour necessary for aliyah. [https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Tarbut].
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In the first row of seated students is Leah Charif (married name: Lebibowitz) on the left of the female teacher. This photograph is taken outdoors.

Photographer unknown

Moletai Lithuania, "Yiddish Folk Bank members"

Photograph of Yiddish Folk Bank members dressed in formal attire and posing in two rows. The front row of seven men are seated, named from left to right as: M. Calperin, R. Shaehor, D. Weinbren, Unknown, A. Flit, M. Margolis, and A. Shapiro. The back row of six men and one woman are standing, and are named from left to right as Unknown, Unkown, E. Burgin, Z. Joselowitz, Unkown, H. Weinbren, and Mr Packman.

Photographer unknown

Moletai Photograph Series

The Molėtai (English spelling: Moletai) Photograph Series includes 13 photographs, with a photograph of a street in the town, some young Jews in the forest, Jewish men at the timber works office, mourners at a Jewish funeral, a few photographs of men outside the sawmill, some men near a river, a group photograph of some members of the Yiddish folk bank, and class photographs of Jewish students. The Jewish students are either part of the Yiddish folk shul school, including the pre-primary and primary school children, or from the Tarbut school.

The chaotic pattern in Eastern Europe and nearby regions in the first half of the 20th century – mostly as a result of the two World Wars – consisted of sporadic occupation, independence, and reoccupation of territories. Following the same pattern as many shtetlach in Eastern Europe, particularly in Lithuania, Moletai was part of the Russian Empire until the First World War when it was occupied by Bolsheviks. The Russian declaration for all Jews to be driven out of their towns applied to Moletai, decreasing the population significantly, more so because Russians murdered many Jews on their way to Russia. In the interwar years, the town was part of the Independent Republic of Lithuania, with Jews contributing significantly to the economy via the Jewish Folksbank. However, the population of Jews decreased more since Jews left as economic conditions declined, mostly immigrating to Israel and South Africa. This independence was disrupted by Soviet invasion in 1940, and once again by Nazi invasion in 1941 at the start of the Second World War when Soviets and Nazis declared war. Germans and Lithuanians treated Jews with various kinds of cruelty and hatred, with some Jews being killed upon immediate arrival of Nazi troops, and others being forced to gather and wait without food and water to be killed three days later. [Source: https://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/lithuania6/lit6_166.html].

The town of Molėtai (English spelling: Moletai) is named as such in Lithuanian, as Maliaty in Russian, as Malaty in Polish, and as Maliat in Yiddish.

Pakruojis Lithuania, "Hoffman family passport photograph"

Photograph of the Hoffman family posing for their passport photograph. Bentzion Naftali Hoffman is seen sitting next to his wife, Sara Kraindeh Hoffman. Their three youngest children are also included, from left to right named: Solly, Beckie and Ethel Hoffman. Other children of the Hoffman family include Chaim Issac (Yitchak), Abraham Joseph (Yaakov), Johnny (Yonah), Chana Rochel, and Raizel Zisia Hoffman. There is one more Hoffman child, which other sources name Eliezer Hoffman, but they are not pictured here. [Source: https://www.geni.com/people/Bentzion-Hoffman/6000000018915068115].

Photographer unknown

Pakruojis Lithuania, "Hoffman family photograph taken in Siauliai"

Photograph of the Hoffman family who are from Pakruojis, but who had this photograph taken in Siauliai, another town in Lithuania. This photograph includes Bentzion Naftali and his wife Sara Kraindeh Hoffman, along with seven of their nine children, with the remaining two children included in framed photographs within this photograph.

The three women standing in the back row, from left to right, are Raizel Zisia Hoffman, Nessa Kopelowitz (a cousin of the Hoffman family), and Chana Rochel Hoffman. Sara Kraindeh Hoffman (left) and Bentzion Naftali Hoffman (right) are seated on chairs, where Bentzion Naftali Hoffman is holding Solly Hoffman on his lap. Two young boys are standing on either side, with Eliezer Hoffman on the left and Yonah Hoffman on the right. Two younger girls are sitting in the front centre of the photograph, named from left to right, Ethel Hoffman and Beckie Hoffman. There is a photograph on the table, with two children pictured that were absent when this photograph was taken: Chaim Issac (Yitzchak) and Abraham (Avraham) Hoffman. [Source: https://www.geni.com/people/Sara-Kraindeh-Hoffman/6000000018914979323].

Photographer unknown

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